How does a Pap smear help in the early detection of cervical cancer?

A Pap smear, also known as a Pap test, helps in the early detection of cervical cancer by identifying precancerous changes in the cells of the cervix. During the procedure, a healthcare provider collects a sample of cells from the cervix and examines them under a microscope. This examination can reveal abnormal cell changes that might indicate early signs of cervical cancer or pre-cancerous conditions, such as dysplasia.

By detecting these abnormal cells early, a Pap smear allows for timely intervention and treatment, which can prevent the progression to invasive cervical cancer. Regular Pap smears, often combined with HPV testing, are an essential part of cervical cancer screening and can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.