What are the primary types of glaucoma, and how do they differ in terms of symptoms and treatment?

The primary types of glaucoma are:

1. Open-Angle Glaucoma (OAG):
– Most common form (90% of cases)
– Gradual onset, often asymptomatic
– Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to impaired drainage
– Treatment: eye drops, oral medications, laser trabeculoplasty, or surgery
2. Angle-Closure Glaucoma (ACG):
– Less common (10% of cases)
– Sudden onset, often with severe symptoms (eye pain, redness, blurred vision)
– Blockage of drainage angle due to iris or other factors
– Treatment: laser iridotomy, laser peripheral iridoplasty, or surgery
3. Normal-Tension Glaucoma (NTG):
– IOP within normal range, but optic nerve damage still occurs
– Often associated with vasospasm or poor blood flow
– Treatment: eye drops, oral medications, or surgery
4. Congenital Glaucoma:
– Present at birth or develops during childhood
– Often due to genetic factors or developmental abnormalities
– Treatment: surgery, usually goniotomy or trabeculotomy
5. Secondary Glaucoma:
– Develops due to another medical condition or injury (e.g., diabetes, trauma)
– Treatment: addresses underlying condition and manages glaucoma symptoms

Symptoms and treatment vary depending on the type of glaucoma. It’s essential to consult an eye care professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.