To learn more about cancer please explain the above mentioned question.
Genetic mutations play a crucial role in the development of cancer. Here’s how:
1. DNA damage: Genetic mutations occur when there’s damage to the DNA sequence of a gene, leading to changes in the instructions for cell growth and division.
2. Loss of tumor suppressor function: Mutations in tumor suppressor genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, as these genes normally regulate cell division.
3. Activation of oncogenes: Mutations in oncogenes can cause them to become overactive, promoting excessive cell growth and division.
4. Disruption of DNA repair mechanisms: Mutations in genes responsible for DNA repair can lead to accumulation of further mutations, increasing cancer risk.
5. Epigenetic changes: Mutations can also affect epigenetic marks, influencing gene expression and contributing to cancer development.
6. Genetic instability: Mutations can lead to genetic instability, causing further mutations and fueling cancer progression.
7. Clonal evolution: Cancer cells with advantageous mutations can outcompete others, driving tumor growth and evolution.
8. Resistance to apoptosis: Mutations can help cancer cells evade programmed cell death (apoptosis), allowing them to survive and proliferate.